Part III: Between Algorithms and Commissions-What’s Pressuring GTA Real Estate Agents
Mahjabeen Mamoon
7 January 2026
In the Greater Toronto Area (GTA), the pressure facing real estate agents is no longer coming from one clear source. Instead, it is building from several directions at once, with a few key forces becoming more noticeable in recent years. Artificial intelligence (AI) is part of that picture. Long-standing frustration with commission structures is another. Set against a backdrop of declining home sales, these factors are starting to shift how buyers and sellers think about value, effort, and expertise in a real estate transaction. Gradually, this is chipping away at traditional commission models and raising new questions about what it takes to build and sustain a career as an agent in the GTA.
AI did not create dissatisfaction with commissions. That sentiment has been around for a long time, particularly in strong markets where properties can appear to sell with minimal effort. What has changed is how easy it has become to act on that frustration. As AI tools become more widely used, tasks that once depended on brokerage systems, paperwork, or insider knowledge can now be handled at least in part by individuals themselves. In a slower market, where fewer transactions must support a large pool of agents, this matters. Fewer deals, combined with new tools that reduce reliance on intermediaries, are intensifying competition and putting additional pressure on commissions, especially in a market as large and diverse as the GTA.
From Gatekeeping to Guided Transactions
In Ontario, real estate commissions are typically calculated as a percentage of a property’s final sale price. While rates vary, commissions commonly fall in the range of 3.5% to 5%, shared between the listing agent and the buyer’s agent, with Ontario’s 13% Harmonized Sales Tax (HST) applied on top. There is no provincially mandated or standard commission rate. The final percentage is negotiated and can differ based on the agent’s experience, the brokerage they represent, and the scope of services outlined in the listing agreement.
For much of the past, residential real estate transactions in Ontario were tightly intermediated. Contracts, mandatory disclosures, trust accounts, and regulatory compliance created a system in which most buyers and sellers had little practical choice but to work through a brokerage. While private sales were always legally permitted, they were widely viewed as complex and risky particularly in a high-stakes market like Toronto, where even minor errors could carry six-figure consequences.
Over time, these barriers have gradually eroded. Standardized forms became easier to access, regulatory guidance more transparent, and digital platforms replaced much of the physical paperwork that once defined the process. Tasks that previously required printing documents, visiting brokerage offices, or even purchasing contract templates from office-supply stores are now handled entirely online. Within this context, alternatives to the traditional commission-based model most notably “For Sale By Owner” (FSBO) have gained traction. FSBO allows homeowners to sell directly, avoiding listing commissions by taking on responsibilities traditionally handled by an agent, from marketing and scheduling showings to managing offers and negotiations.
What has changed most recently is the role of technology particularly AI. Today’s tools can generate draft agreements, identify missing disclosures, explain contract clauses in plain language, and guide users step-by-step through transaction workflows. While these tools do not eliminate legal or financial risk, they significantly reduce the information gap between professionals and consumers.
As a result, the core question facing many sellers especially those with prior experience, strong confidence, or favourable market conditions has subtly shifted. It is no longer, “Can I do this without an agent?” but rather, “How much of this do I actually need help with?” AI has not removed the complexity of real estate transactions, but it has made navigating them more accessible, more informed, and less intimidating.
What AI Still Cannot Replace in the GTA Market
Despite rapid advances, the value of a real estate agent in the GTA is rooted far less in information access than in trust, judgment, and lived local experience, areas where AI remains structurally limited.
Buying or selling property in the GTA typically involves extraordinary financial stakes, emotional pressure, and uncertainty. First-time buyers, newcomers, multigenerational families, and households navigating life transitions often need more than market data or automated messages. They need reassurance during volatile conditions, guidance through competing priorities, and confidence that someone is accountable when things go wrong. Trust in this context is relational, built through reputation, referrals, and presence in local communities, not through algorithms.
AI is also constrained when it comes to hyper-local and street-level knowledge. Many of the factors that shape outcomes in the GTA like school boundary nuances, future transit disruptions, block-by-block redevelopment patterns, or the reputation of specific condo corporations are not fully captured in datasets or emerge only after long delays. Experienced agents interpret these signals through years of observation and local engagement. AI can identify broad patterns at scale, but it cannot experience neighbourhoods as they are lived.
Negotiation further exposes the limits of automation. GTA real estate transactions are rarely mechanical. They involve timing, psychology, and incomplete information. Agents must interpret motivations, read subtle signals, and adjust strategies dynamically as conditions change. These decisions are shaped not only by price optimization but by client risk tolerance, emotional readiness, and long-term goals. AI can model scenarios, but it cannot exercise judgment under pressure.
The region’s extraordinary cultural and linguistic diversity adds another layer. Many agents act as cultural interpreters, helping clients navigate differences in communication styles, expectations around negotiation, trust in institutions, and multigenerational housing needs. While translation tools can assist, cultural fluency and credibility built within communities cannot be automated. In many GTA neighbourhoods, this competence is not optional, it is central.
Finally, accountability matters. Licensed agents in Ontario carry fiduciary duties, disclosure obligations, and regulatory responsibility. AI tools do not bear legal liability. They cannot be disciplined by regulators or exercise ethical judgment in ambiguous situations. When transactions encounter real-world complications like financing issues, appraisal gaps, inspection findings, delayed approvals, agents coordinate across lawyers, lenders, inspectors, and clients under intense time pressure. These are problem-solving moments that remain firmly human.
Redefining Sustainability in the GTA Agent Workforce
Taken together, AI and commission pressure are best understood not as sudden disruptions, but as accelerators of tensions that have existed in the GTA real estate workforce for years. They sharpen the line between routine transaction handling and true advisory work. As paperwork, listings, and basic coordination become easier to automate, expectations rise for what agents are actually being paid to do.
Importantly, AI itself is not the threat. As in most professions, it is unlikely to replace agents. Instead, it is becoming a tool that helps good agents work smarter, streamlining back-office tasks, sharpening marketing, and expanding reach to potential clients. Used well, AI can free up time for what technology still cannot replicate: judgment, negotiation, local insight, and human trust.
The more significant pressure point is FSBO. As consumers gain the confidence and tools to manage parts of the transaction on their own, they are increasingly questioning how much help they truly need and what they are willing to pay for it. For agents whose value proposition is narrowly tied to standardized processes, this shift poses a real challenge.
What allows agents to remain competitive in the GTA will increasingly come down to differentiation. Agents who lean into advisory roles using AI to increase efficiency while focusing their expertise on complexity, strategy, and client advocacy are better positioned to remain resilient. The future of the GTA real estate agent is not about resisting technology or defending legacy commission structures. It is about clearly articulating value in a market where clients are more informed, more cost-conscious, and more empowered than ever before. AI does not remove the need for agents. It raises the bar for what it means to be a successful one.
Author
-
Mahjabeen Mamoon is the Senior Manager of Research at Toronto Workforce Innovation Group.
View all posts